icache: Split PLRU into storage and logic

Rather than having update and decode logic for each individual PLRU
as well as a register to store the current PLRU state, we now put the
PLRU state in a little RAM, which will typically use LUT RAM on FPGAs,
and have just a single copy of the logic to calculate the pseudo-LRU
way and to update the PLRU state.  This logic is in the plrufn module
and is just combinatorial logic.  A new module was created for this as
other parts of the system are still using plru.vhdl.

The PLRU RAM in the icache is read asynchronously in the cycle
after the cache tag matching is done.  At the end of that cycle the
PLRU RAM entry is updated if the access was a cache hit, or a victim
way is calculated and stored if the access was a cache miss and
miss handling is starting in this cycle.

Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@ozlabs.org>

Makefile

@@ -68,8 +68,8 @@ all: $(all)
 $(shell scripts/make_version.sh git.vhdl)
 
 core_files = decode_types.vhdl common.vhdl wishbone_types.vhdl fetch1.vhdl \
-	utils.vhdl plru.vhdl cache_ram.vhdl icache.vhdl predecode.vhdl \
-	decode1.vhdl helpers.vhdl insn_helpers.vhdl \
+	utils.vhdl plru.vhdl plrufn.vhdl cache_ram.vhdl icache.vhdl \
+	predecode.vhdl decode1.vhdl helpers.vhdl insn_helpers.vhdl \
 	control.vhdl decode2.vhdl register_file.vhdl \
 	cr_file.vhdl crhelpers.vhdl ppc_fx_insns.vhdl rotator.vhdl \
 	logical.vhdl countbits.vhdl multiply.vhdl multiply-32s.vhdl divider.vhdl \

icache.vhdl

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 --     efficient use of distributed RAM and less logic/muxes. Currently we
 --     write TAG_BITS width which may not match full ram blocks and might
 --     cause muxes to be inferred for "partial writes".
---   * Check if making the read size of PLRU a ROM helps utilization
 --
 library ieee;
 use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
@@ -236,8 +235,7 @@ architecture rtl of icache is
     signal wb_rd_data    : std_ulogic_vector(ROW_SIZE_BITS - 1 downto 0);
 
     -- PLRU output interface
-    type plru_out_t is array(index_t) of std_ulogic_vector(WAY_BITS-1 downto 0);
-    signal plru_victim : plru_out_t;
+    signal plru_victim : way_sig_t;
 
     -- Memory write snoop signals
     signal snoop_valid : std_ulogic;
@@ -447,40 +445,48 @@ begin
     
     -- Generate PLRUs
     maybe_plrus: if NUM_WAYS > 1 generate
+        type plru_array is array(index_t) of std_ulogic_vector(NUM_WAYS - 2 downto 0);
+        signal plru_ram    : plru_array;
+        signal plru_cur    : std_ulogic_vector(NUM_WAYS - 2 downto 0);
+        signal plru_upd    : std_ulogic_vector(NUM_WAYS - 2 downto 0);
+        signal plru_acc    : std_ulogic_vector(WAY_BITS-1 downto 0);
+        signal plru_out    : std_ulogic_vector(WAY_BITS-1 downto 0);
     begin
-	plrus: for i in 0 to NUM_LINES-1 generate
-	    -- PLRU interface
-	    signal plru_acc    : std_ulogic_vector(WAY_BITS-1 downto 0);
-	    signal plru_acc_en : std_ulogic;
-	    signal plru_out    : std_ulogic_vector(WAY_BITS-1 downto 0);
+        plru : entity work.plrufn
+            generic map (
+                BITS => WAY_BITS
+                )
+            port map (
+                acc => plru_acc,
+                tree_in => plru_cur,
+                tree_out => plru_upd,
+                lru => plru_out
+                );
+
+        process(all)
+        begin
+            -- Read PLRU bits from array
+            if is_X(r.hit_nia) then
+                plru_cur <= (others => 'X');
+            else
+                plru_cur <= plru_ram(to_integer(get_index(r.hit_nia)));
+            end if;
 
-	begin
-	    plru : entity work.plru
-		generic map (
-		    BITS => WAY_BITS
-		    )
-		port map (
-		    clk => clk,
-		    rst => rst,
-		    acc => plru_acc,
-		    acc_en => plru_acc_en,
-		    lru => plru_out
-		    );
-
-	    process(all)
-	    begin
-		-- PLRU interface
-		if is_X(r.hit_nia) then
-		    plru_acc_en <= 'X';
-		elsif get_index(r.hit_nia) = i then
-		    plru_acc_en <= r.hit_valid;
-		else
-		    plru_acc_en <= '0';
-		end if;
-		plru_acc <= std_ulogic_vector(r.hit_way);
-		plru_victim(i) <= plru_out;
-	    end process;
-	end generate;
+            -- PLRU interface
+            plru_acc <= std_ulogic_vector(r.hit_way);
+            plru_victim <= unsigned(plru_out);
+        end process;
+
+        -- synchronous writes to PLRU array
+        process(clk)
+        begin
+            if rising_edge(clk) then
+                if r.hit_valid = '1' then
+                    assert not is_X(r.hit_nia) severity failure;
+                    plru_ram(to_integer(get_index(r.hit_nia))) <= plru_upd;
+                end if;
+            end if;
+        end process;
     end generate;
 
     -- TLB hit detection and real address generation
@@ -791,7 +797,7 @@ begin
                         replace_way := to_unsigned(0, WAY_BITS);
                         if NUM_WAYS > 1 then
                             -- Get victim way from plru
-                            replace_way := unsigned(plru_victim(to_integer(r.store_index)));
+                            replace_way := plru_victim;
                         end if;
 			r.store_way <= replace_way;
 

microwatt.core

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ filesets:
       - core.vhdl
       - icache.vhdl
       - plru.vhdl
+      - plrufn.vhdl
       - cache_ram.vhdl
       - core_debug.vhdl
       - utils.vhdl

plrufn.vhdl

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+library ieee;
+use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
+use ieee.numeric_std.all;
+use ieee.math_real.all;
+
+entity plrufn is
+    generic (
+        BITS : positive := 2
+        )
+        ;
+    port (
+        acc      : in  std_ulogic_vector(BITS-1 downto 0);
+        tree_in  : in  std_ulogic_vector(2 ** BITS - 2 downto 0);
+        tree_out : out std_ulogic_vector(2 ** BITS - 2 downto 0);
+        lru      : out std_ulogic_vector(BITS-1 downto 0)
+        );
+end entity plrufn;
+
+architecture rtl of plrufn is
+    -- Each level of the tree (from leaf to root) has half the number of nodes
+    -- of the previous level. So for a 2^N bits LRU, we have a level of N/2 bits
+    -- one of N/4 bits etc.. down to 1. This gives us 2^N-1 nodes. Ie, 2 bits
+    -- LRU has 3 nodes (2 + 1), 4 bits LRU has 15 nodes (8 + 4 + 2 + 1) etc...
+    constant count : positive := 2 ** BITS - 1;
+    subtype node_t is integer range 0 to count - 1;
+begin
+
+    get_lru: process(tree_in)
+        variable node : node_t;
+        variable abit : std_ulogic;
+    begin
+        node := 0;
+        for i in 0 to BITS-1 loop
+            abit := tree_in(node);
+            if is_X(abit) then
+                abit := '0';
+            end if;
+            lru(BITS-1-i) <= abit;
+            if i /= BITS-1 then
+                node := node * 2;
+                if abit = '1' then
+                    node := node + 2;
+                else
+                    node := node + 1;
+                end if;
+            end if;
+        end loop;
+    end process;
+
+    update_lru: process(all)
+        variable node : node_t;
+        variable abit : std_ulogic;
+    begin
+        tree_out <= tree_in;
+        node := 0;
+        for i in 0 to BITS-1 loop
+            abit := acc(BITS-1-i);
+            if is_X(abit) then
+                abit := '0';
+            end if;
+            tree_out(node) <= not abit;
+            if i /= BITS-1 then
+                node := node * 2;
+                if abit = '1' then
+                    node := node + 2;
+                else
+                    node := node + 1;
+                end if;
+            end if;
+        end loop;
+    end process;
+end;